How Is Multiple Sclerosis Detected by Doctors?

Posted on: Jun 6, 2025 | 3 mins | Written by: HDFC ERGO Team

How Is Multiple Sclerosis Detected by Doctors?

Suffering from a condition like multiple sclerosis can be tough, both physically and emotionally. It can cause various symptoms, such as mood swings, fatigue, difficulty walking, muscle stiffness, dizziness, and problems with thinking, which can make everyday life more challenging. However, with the right diagnosis, support, treatment, and care, it is possible to live a full, meaningful life despite the challenges multiple sclerosis presents. So, how is multiple sclerosis detected by healthcare professionals? Let’s find out.

How is Multiple Sclerosis Detected?

In most cases, doctors order several tests to diagnose multiple sclerosis. They also perform a physical exam, review your medical history and request MRI scans and other tests.

The following are some of the tests doctors commonly prescribe to diagnose multiple sclerosis:

• MRI

This scan looks at your brain and spinal cord to spot areas affected by MS, called lesions. In some cases, a dye is injected to highlight active lesions, making it easier to see if the disease is currently active.

• Lumbar puncture

This test is also known as a spinal tap. In this, a small sample of fluid from your spine is tested for changes in antibodies linked to multiple sclerosis. It also helps rule out other conditions that have similar symptoms.

• Evoked potential tests

Evoked potential tests record the electrical signals in your nerves when you respond to visual or electrical stimuli. It helps measure how fast signals travel through your nerve pathways.

• Optical coherence tomography

This test uses light to create images of your eye. In multiple sclerosis, optic neuritis affects the retina. Therefore, doctors order this test to measure the retina’s thickness and detect nerve damage.

• Neuropsychological testing

A neuropsychological test is conducted by a neuropsychologist to assess how well your brain is functioning. It evaluates areas such as memory, thinking, language and social skills, along with mood and personality. This test is particularly important for individuals with multiple sclerosis, as cognitive issues like memory problems and trouble with thinking or language are common.

Conclusion

Although there is no cure for multiple sclerosis, an accurate diagnosis is crucial for determining the right treatment and care. The condition can relapse, causing symptoms to worsen or return after periods of improvement. However, with early diagnosis and the right treatment plan, it is possible to manage symptoms, slow disease progression and improve quality of life.

Remember, staying covered under the right health insurance policy, including critical illness cover, can help manage medical expenses and ensure peace of mind.

Disclaimer: The above information is for illustrative purposes only. For more details, please refer to the policy wordings and prospectus before concluding the sales.

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